Understanding trauma: Causes, symptoms, and healing strategies

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, trauma is defined as any situation in which a person is exposed to scenes of actual or imminent death, serious physical injury, or sexual assault, whether as a direct victim, close to the victim, or as a witness. Some examples of traumatic events include:

War zone
Natural disaster
Accident
Psychological trauma can cause both emotional and physical symptoms. Emotional symptoms include fear, denial, irritability, or shame. Physically, symptoms may include headaches, exhaustion, palpitations, insomnia, and pressure, among others. Some people may also develop other mental health conditions following trauma, such as anxiety, depression, substance use/abuse, or, in severe cases, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Therefore, starting effective treatment may help reduce or stabilize negative symptoms. Below are some treatments for psychological trauma:

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Helps to understand and change distorted thoughts.
Family Therapy: Helps improve communication, understand dynamics, and find support.
Group Therapy: Allows individuals to share experiences, learn from others, and reduce isolation.
Mindfulness: Incorporates techniques such as conscious breathing, meditation, acceptance, non-judgment, and compassion for what has been experienced.
Medication: In some cases, antidepressants help manage the depression symptoms that accompany trauma.
The treatment must be tailored to the individual’s needs. Seeking the help of a qualified mental health professional, such as a psychologist or psychiatrist, is crucial to receive the appropriate treatment and care.