«One in every 15 people in Puerto Rico may be living with schizophrenia, based on an estimated prevalence rate ranging from 3% to 10% of the population. This represents between 96,000 and 320,000 people out of a total of 3.2 million inhabitants on the island» (Instituciones de salud actualizan panorama de la esquizofrenia en Puerto Rico | Semanario Visión).
What is considered a diagnosis of Schizophrenia?
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5), Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects the way a person thinks, feels, and behaves. It is characterized by a combination of psychotic, affective, cognitive, and social symptoms.
A. Symptoms
Two (or more) of the following are required, lasting for at least one month, and at least one must be (1), (2), or (3):
Negative symptoms (reduced emotional expression, decreased motivation and energy, social withdrawal, and self-care difficulties)
Delusions (firmly held false beliefs)
Hallucinations (especially auditory, such as hearing voices)
Disorganized speech (e.g., frequent incoherence)
Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
B. Functional Impairment
Functioning in work, interpersonal relationships, or self-care is significantly impaired.
C. Duration
Signs of the disorder persist for at least 6 months, including at least 1 month of active-phase symptoms.
Treatment
Treatment includes antipsychotic medications, psychological therapy, and family support. With proper treatment, many individuals with Schizophrenia can lead productive and fulfilling lives.
In summary, Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder characterized by symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. It generally develops in late adolescence or early adulthood. It affects the perception of reality and is primarily treated with antipsychotic medications.
Text generated with the help of ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence developed by OpenAI.
According to Claude (personal communication, June 4, 2025)
